First of all, the cutting amount refers to the depth or width of each tool cutting during the machining process, which is directly related to the quality and accuracy of the part processing. The factors that affect the cutting amount are as follows:

1. Properties of processing materials: Different materials have different hardness and toughness. For the same tool, the cutting amount for processing different materials is also different.

2. Rigidity and precision of machine tools: Machine tools with higher rigidity and precision can achieve higher cutting amounts, but not vice versa.

3. Tool material and sharpening quality: Tools of different materials and sharpening quality also require different cutting amounts for the same material.

4. Type and usage of coolant: The type and usage of coolant will directly affect the cutting temperature and the lubrication effect of the cutting fluid, thereby affecting the cutting amount.

5. Cutting speed and feed amount: The greater the cutting speed and feed amount, the greater the cutting amount.

6. Cutting methods: Different cutting methods also have a direct impact on the cutting amount.

7. Shape and size of workpieces: Workpieces of different shapes and sizes require different cutting amounts to achieve ideal processing results.

The above factors will have varying degrees of impact on the cutting amount. Therefore, in the actual CNC vertical lathe processing process, these factors need to be comprehensively considered to determine the optimal cutting amount to achieve the best processing effect.