The impact of the speed of CNC lathes on processing is multi-faceted, mainly including the following aspects:

1. Processing quality: The speed of CNC lathe directly affects the cutting speed and processing quality. In the low speed or common speed range of the spindle, the impact on the processing quality is relatively small. However, when the speed of a CNC lathe exceeds a certain limit, the cutting temperature will increase and the centrifugal force of the workpiece will increase, which may cause the machine tool to vibrate, thus affecting the machining accuracy and surface roughness. Therefore, choosing the appropriate rotation speed for CNC lathes is crucial to ensure processing quality.

2. Tool life: CNC lathe speed is closely related to cutting speed, and cutting speed is one of the key factors affecting tool life. Within a certain range, increasing the speed of the CNC lathe can extend the life of the tool. Because of the higher cutting speed, the CNC lathe can reduce the friction and heat accumulation between the tool and the workpiece. However, if the rotational speed is too high, the cutting forces increase, which may cause premature wear or damage to the tool.

3. Production efficiency: An increase in CNC lathe speed usually means an increase in cutting speed, which helps to improve production efficiency. The faster cutting speed of CNC lathes can reduce processing time and thereby increase production efficiency. However, excessively high rotational speed may cause overload or vibration of the machine tool, which in turn reduces production efficiency.

4. Machine tool stability: The rotation speed also affects the stability of the machine tool. During high-speed cutting, the machine tool needs to bear greater dynamic loads. If the rigidity of the CNC lathe is insufficient or the structure is unreasonable, it may cause the machine tool to vibrate or deform, affecting processing accuracy and stability.

To sum up, the speed of CNC lathe is an important factor affecting the processing quality, tool life, production efficiency and machine tool stability. When selecting the rotation speed, factors such as workpiece material, tool type, processing requirements, and machine tool performance need to be comprehensively considered to achieve the best processing effect. At the same time, attention must be paid to controlling the rotational speed within the allowable range to avoid damage to machine tools and cutting tools caused by excessive rotational speed.